Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Turkish Journal of Agricultural Economics, cilt.31, sa.1, ss.105-117, 2025 (Scopus, TRDizin)
Purpose: This study aims to examine the export structure between Türkiye and the leading countries in the broiler chicken sector (the United States of America (USA), China, Brazil, Russia, and India) to determine the levels of Intra-Industry Trade (IIT) and analyse trade similarity relationships. Design/Methodology/Approach: In the study, IIT analysis was conducted using the Grubel-Lloyd (GL) index to examine the export structure of the leading countries in the broiler chicken sector. Additionally, vertical and horizontal IIT were explored in detail to characterise the nature of trade among these countries. Secondly, a comparative assessment of Türkiye and the leading countries is conducted based on similarities in export structures. In this context, Türkiye’s competitiveness was evaluated using the Export Similarity Index (ISI), which identifies the countries with the highest structural resemblance to Türkiye. Findings: The findings indicate that the USA and Brazil primarily engage in low-quality, vertically differentiated intra-industry trade (VIIT) characterised by low unit value (UV) ratios, leveraging cost advantages to maintain competitiveness in global markets. Conversely, Türkiye follows a distinct trade strategy by focusing on high-value-added, processed broiler products with higher UV ratios. The declining trend in China’s ESI suggests a divergence in trade strategies and target markets between China and Türkiye. Meanwhile, Russia has exhibited a shift from horizontal to vertical IIT by increasing its UV ratios, thereby becoming more similar to Türkiye’s trade structure. India has adopted a dual strategy, occasionally enhancing product quality while, in recent years, emphasising price competition. Türkiye’s high UV ratios and IIT orientation suggest the country is pursuing a VIIT-focused strategy, emphasising high-quality broiler product exports. Overall, this study highlights the diverse strategies employed in global broiler trade and underscores the need for Türkiye to diversify its export strategies to sustain its competitive advantage. Originality/Value: This study provides critical indicators that can contribute to policymakers’ strategic decision-making processes and develop strategies to strengthen enterprises’ market positions in diversifying foreign trade policies and increasing competitiveness.