Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Journal of the Indian Chemical Society, cilt.103, sa.6, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
The removal of crystal violet (CV) from aqueous solutions was investigated using Pinus nigra cone derived biochar (PNb) and iron modified biochar (mPNb), with the cones collected from Akseki district, Antalya, Türkiye. The effects of key adsorption parameters such as pH, temperature, initial dye concentration, contact time, and adsorbent dosage were systematically investigated. To comprehensively characterize the materials and better understand their structural, morphological, and thermal properties, FT-IR, SEM-EDS, XRD, BET, TGA, particle size and zeta potential analyses were performed. Kinetic results indicated that the adsorption process for both adsorbents was better described by the pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetic model. Thermodynamic findings revealed that the adsorption process was endothermic and occurred spontaneously for both materials. Equilibrium data demonstrated a better fit with the Langmuir isotherm model for both PNb and mPNb. The maximum adsorption capacities (qmax) were determined to be 19.831 mg/g and 21.071 mg/g for PNb and mPNb, respectively. Reusability studies were conducted over three consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles. In addition, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to evaluate the relationships among adsorption parameters and to identify the variable that most strongly explained the percentage removal (%S). The results indicated that adsorbent dosage provided the strongest positive contribution to sorption capacity for both PNb and mPNb.